Understanding the Adjustment of Incarcerated Young Offenders: A Canadian Example

This article describes a short-term longitudinal study of the adjustment to custody of Canadian youth. It explores whether pre-existing and institutional vulnerabilities are independent predictors of custodial adjustment. Findings suggest that youth with many pre-existing vulnerabilities and high prison stress at entry into custody are more likely to experience initial adjustment difficulties. As youth spend more time in custody, their levels of pre-existing vulnerabilities remain important but perceived level of support and level of fear also emerge as important predictors of adjustment. Implications of the findings for research and practice are discussed.