Application accuracy in frameless image-guided neurosurgery: a comparison study of three patient-to-image registration methods

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

The results of this study show that skin adhesive fiducial marker registration is the most accurate noninvasive registration method. When images from an earlier study are to be used and accuracy may be slightly compromised, anatomical landmarks and surface matching are equally accurate alternatives.