Membrane limits in quantum gravity

The swampland program aims to classify low-energy effective field theories which have a consistent completion in quantum gravity. This led to an intricate web of conjectures about the properties of any quantum gravity. E.g., the E00exm00exe00exr00exg00exe00exn00ext S00ext00exr00exi00exn00exg $C{{0}{0ex}}o{{0}{0ex}}n{{0}{0ex}}j{{0}{0ex}}e{{0}{0ex}}c{{0}{0ex}}t{{0}{0ex}}u{{0}{0ex}}r{{0}{0ex}}e$ makes statements about the structure of the spectrum in an asymptotic limit of the parameters (moduli). The authors look at theories that include (M)embranes which classically would violate that conjecture. However, a skilled application of several dualities allows them to take the necessary quantum corrections into account which impose further obstructions such that the spectrum actually satisfies said conjecture.