The Impact of Polypharmacy on the Effectiveness and Safety of Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Flowchart of study population. AF, atrial fibrillation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; IMA, InterMutualistic Agency; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; OAC, oral anticoagulant; PE, pulmonary embolism; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.

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  Fig. 2. The ( A ) effectiveness and ( B ) safety of NOACs versus VKAs in AF patients with polypharmacy (≥5 concomitantly used drugs) after IPTW. The weighted number of subjects at risk in the pseudo-population, weighted number of events, weighted event rates per 100 PY, and adjusted HRs with 95% CIs after IPTW are illustrated. aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; PY, person-years; Ref. reference category; SE, systemic embolism; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.

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  Fig. 3. The ( A ) effectiveness and ( B ) safety compared between individual NOAC types in AF patients with polypharmacy (≥5 concomitantly used drugs) after IPTW. The weighted number of subjects at risk in the pseudo-population, weighted number of events, weighted event rates per 100 PY, and adjusted HRs with 95% CIs after IPTW are illustrated. aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; PY, person-years; Ref, reference category; SE, systemic embolism.