To provide a comprehensive overview of supercritical water gasification of biomass, focusing on reaction parameters, mechanistic pathways, and catalytic performance.
Synthesized literature on the thermodynamic and chemical behavior of biomass in supercritical water environments.
Evaluated the impact of key operating parameters including temperature, pressure, residence time, and feed concentration.
Analyzed the influence of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts on gasification efficiency and product selectivity.
Supercritical water gasification efficiently converts high-moisture biomass into hydrogen-rich synthesis gas without the energy penalty of pre-drying.
Operating parameters and catalyst selection strongly govern tar suppression, carbon gasification efficiency, and product gas distribution.
Abstract
The global energy demand has laid emphasis on the exploration of alternate sources of energy.