Temperature Field Simulation and Process Parameter Analysis of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis for Al–V Master Alloy

Aluminum–vanadium (Al–V) master alloy is a key raw material for manufacturing high-end alloys, but the internal temperature transient field during its self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) is nearly impossible to measure in situ. This work develops a numerical simulation framework for Al–V master alloy SHS, featuring a novel temperature–time dual-criteria adaptive moving heat source and a gas–liquid–solid three-phase heat transfer model coupled with temperature-dependent thermophysical properties. The model, implemented in ANSYS Fluent via a customized user-defined function (UDF), is experimentally validated with a maximum temperature error below 7%. Results reveal that higher compact relative density accelerates combustion wave propagation, while increased slagging agent content exerts an inhibitory effect. This study provides a theoretical and quantitative tool for mechanism analysis and industrial process optimization of Al–V master alloy SHS production.