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It is difficult to compare two different technologies that serve similar purposes, especially when the skills of experimenters must also be considered. I conducted experiments to show that bows should be more consistent and accurate than atlatls, and that proficiency with a bow is more easily attained. However, competition between weapon systems and the choice of one over the other in any real world situation is far more complex than such general measures.
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John C. Whittaker (2013) studied this question.
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