Cardiac and skeletal muscle predictors of impaired cardiorespiratory fitness post-anthracycline chemotherapy for breast cancer

Figures

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  Figure 1. Representative participants with low, medium, and high thigh fat fraction with their respective water and fat suppressed images used to delineate the fat and muscle components. Axial right thigh images were acquired by magnetic resonance imaging and 40 cm of volume were analyzed starting 110 mm from the distal point of the femur to quantify absolute volumes of muscle and intermuscular fat (IMF). The thigh fat fraction was then calculated as: IMF/(IMF + muscle)*100%. Thigh fat fraction was inversely associated with VO2peak in both breast cancer survivors and matched controls.

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  Figure 2. Change and mean cardiac function from rest to peak exercise among anthracycline-treated breast cancer survivors (n = 16), age- and body mass index-matched non-cancer controls (n = 16), and young, healthy controls (n = 12). All data is derived from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Volumes are normalized to body surface area. Young controls had larger peak and reserve stroke volume and cardiac output compared to both other groups. Compared to matched controls, breast cancer survivors had lower rest and exercise stroke volume and global longitudinal strain, and cardiac output reserve. *Difference from both breast cancer survivors and matched control groups at p ≤ 0.05; †Difference from matched control group at p ≤ 0.05; ‡Difference from breast cancer survivor group at p ≤ 0.05;

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  Figure 3. Bioelectrical impedance cardiography data for cycle ergometer graded exercise test in breast cancer survivors (n = 16), age- and body mass index-matched non-cancer controls (n = 16). Stroke volume and cardiac output are normalized to body surface area. *Difference between groups at p ≤ 0.05.

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  Figure 4. Predictors of peak volume of oxygen consumption (VO2) among anthracycline-treated breast cancer survivors and age- and body mass index-matched non-cancer controls. Trend line colors match included data. Both VO2 and volumes are normalized to body weight (kg) to standardize units.