Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Both 2% and 4% lidocaine administered topically by a spray-as-you-go technique can provide clinically acceptable intubating conditions for awake FOI in sedated patients with a difficult airway. As compared with 4% lidocaine, however, 2% lidocaine requires a smaller dosage and results in lower plasma concentrations.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Xue et al. (2009) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: