Bioactive components and mechanisms of Chinese poplar propolis alleviates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial cells injury

These findings indicated that the bioactive component of propolis on anti-inflammatory activity was not determined by a single constituent, but a complex interaction including flavonoids, esters and phenolic acids. EACP attenuated ox-LDL induced HUVECs injury by inhibiting LOX-1 level and depressed ROS production against oxidative stress in ox-LDL induced HUVECs, further to activate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and deactivate p38 MAPK to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy, which provide novel insights into the potential application of propolis on modulating chronic inflammation.