Risk factors and treatment rationale for patellofemoral instability in the pediatric population

1)Patella femoral instability (PFI) is most common in young, physically active female patients with predominance during adolescence between the ages of 13 and 18.2)Non-contact sports injuries are the most common mechanism of PFI injuries.3)Treatment of PFI involves non-operative and operative management with the goal of patellofemoral joint stability and high functionality.4)Surgical management is indicated for recurrent PFI. For first-time dislocation, selection of operative management depends on presence of risk factors for recurrent instability, such as trochlea dysplasia, patella alta, ligamentous laxity, and age as well as the presence of osteochondral injury.