Disaster risk, risk management, and tourism competitiveness: A cross‐nation analysis

This study explored how disaster risk and risk management level affect a country‐s tourism competitiveness using a classification of two dimensions of disaster risk, namely, exposure and vulnerability. We analyze empirical data from 128 countries in 2013 and find that both exposure to natural disasters and vulnerability can reduce a country‐s ability to compete globally in the tourism and a higher risk management level can improve its competitiveness. Additionally, government effectiveness moderates the relationship between exposure, vulnerability, and entry tourism competitiveness. Greater government effectiveness cannot, however, alleviate the negative impacts of disaster risk when the risk level is high.