To highlight the expanding spectrum of neurological complications caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation occurring with and without characteristic skin rash.
Narrative clinical review synthesizing known presentations, diagnostic considerations, and neurological manifestations of latent VZV reactivation.
VZV reactivation triggers a broad range of central and peripheral neurological complications beyond classic herpes zoster.
Neurological manifestations can develop in the absence of cutaneous lesions, requiring broader clinical suspicion to ensure timely antiviral and supportive therapy.
Abstract
Awareness of the expanding spectrum of neurological complications caused by VZV reactivation with and without rash will improve diagnosis and treatment.