Hirudin Ameliorates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis via Regulating TGF‐β1/Smad and NF‐κB Signaling in UUO Rat Model

Hirudin improves kidney injury and suppresses inflammatory response and ECM accumulation in UUO rats; its underlying mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad and NF-κB signaling.