Influence of Plane-Wave Incidence Angle on Whole Body and Local Exposure at 2100 MHz

Exposure of human population to electromagnetic waves remains an important issue. Many studies have considered exposure to plane waves with only one incidence angle. This paper investigates the exposure of the anthropomorphic model visible human (VH) induced by plane waves with different incidence angles. The incident-field-propagation direction describes in 10° steps all the azimuth around the model (0°-360°) for three elevation angles (90° and 90 ± 20°). Both vertical and horizontal polarizations are considered. Tilt at ±20° does not involve a significant difference on the exposure. Whole-body-exposure levels vary periodically with the azimuth as well as the illuminated surface of the model. A good correlation between the whole-body exposure and the illuminated surface is noted. Moreover, the illuminated surface of the VH can be quite accurately assessed by substituting the VH with an ellipsoid. Concerning the local exposure, the localization of 10 g peak spatial-averaged specific absorption rate is highly depending on the incidence angle. However, the most common position is located in the limbs or in the genital parts.