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Abstract Low‐frequency kinetic energy, abundant in the ambient environment, presents a promising source for powering low‐power devices in applications such as marine hydrographic monitoring, smart city construction, and self‐powered wearable devices. Despite its potential, efficiently harvesting energy from low‐frequency motions remains a significant challenge. This review provides a comprehensive review of state‐of‐the‐art low‐frequency kinetic energy harvesters, focusing on their device architectures and underlying mechanisms. Key approaches discussed include frequency upconversion and multistability mechanisms for resonant energy harvesters, as well as rotational and other structures for nonresonant energy harvesters. By analyzing the strengths, limitations, and emerging trends of these technologies, this review offers valuable insights into advancing low‐frequency energy harvesting solutions.
Luo et al. (Thu,) studied this question.