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April 15, 2026Applied SciencesOpen Access

Formation of a High-Density Algal-Bacterial Flocculent Biomass in a Pilot-Scale Raceway Pond Treating Municipal Wastewater

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Authors

SBStyliani BilianiDKDimitrios KakavasIMIoannis D. Manariotis

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Overview

Pilot-scale pond enhances nutrient removal in wastewater, indicating a sustainable treatment method.

Key Points

  • The research aims to investigate the formation and characteristics of an algal-bacterial biomass in a raceway pond for efficient wastewater treatment.
  • Operated a 400 L pilot-scale raceway pond for 80 days, increasing the volume from 60 L to 400 L.
  • Monitored biomass concentration, settling characteristics, and nutrient removal efficiencies.
  • Conducted kinetic analysis for nutrient removal rates.
  • Biomass concentration reached a plateau of about 4 g L−1 after 80 days.
  • Achieved high nutrient treatment efficiencies of about 95% for organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
  • Initial settling velocity recorded at 14.8 cm min−1 with efficient separation in 3 minutes.

Cite This Study

Biliani et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69df2b49e4eeef8a2a6b049ehttps://doi.org/10.3390/app16083761
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