Exploring the opportunities and challenges of implementing artificial intelligence in healthcare: A systematic literature review

Recent progress in the realm of artificial intelligence has shown effectiveness in various industries, particularly within the healthcare sector. However, there are limited insights on existing studies regarding ethical, social, privacy, and technological aspects of AI in the health sector, which is the gap our study aims to fill. This study aimed to synthesize empirical studies on the challenges and opportunities of using AI by conducting a systematic review. We reviewed 33 articles published between 2015 and 2022 in the PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Science Direct databases. The results show that artificial intelligence has the promise of improving health care and faces obstacles when implemented. Most of the reviewed studies indicated that the use of AI provides several opportunities, including teamwork and decision-making, technological advancement, diagnosis and patient monitoring, drug development, and virtual health assistance. However, the findings show that the use of AI in the health sector hinders multifaceted challenges, including ethical and privacy-related issues, lack of awareness, unreliability of technology, and professional liability. The findings highlight that artificial intelligence has the potential to transform healthcare and that addressing these challenges is crucial to fully utilize its potential.