Adding HM fortifier and additional protein to HM increased osmolarity to >400 mOsm/L and therefore above the recommended threshold. Because of the excessive increase in osmolarity combinations of HM + fortifier and additional protein should not be applied together with multivitamins or other additives.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Kreissl et al. (2013) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: