Diabetes mellitus is the most common predisposing condition for mucormycosis, which is emerging as an important invasive fungal infection worldwide. Isolated mediastinitis is a very rare presentation of mucormycosis. A 57-year-old woman with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and ketoacidosis presented with septic shock and was subsequently found to have mucor mediastinitis with multiple bronchial perforations. The organism was identified as Rhizopus oryzae with the help of DNA sequencing.
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Dhooria et al. (2015) studied this question.
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