A lidar system detects calcium atoms and ions at high resolutions, indicating its effective observational capability in the mesosphere and thermosphere.
Meteoric atoms and ions are among the remarkable tracers to investigate a variety of dynamics appearing in the mesosphere and thermosphere at altitudes ranging from 80 to 150 km. Here, we report on a solid-laser-based lidar system, namely dual-wavelength injection-locked nanosecond-pulsed Ti:sapphire lidar, that can simultaneously detect resonance scatterings by meteoric calcium atom (Ca) and ion (Ca+) layers. We operated the lidar system and conducted a benchmark test in which Ca or Ca+ was observed independently as a first step. We found that the lidar system was operated stably over an entire night, having the ability to detect either Ca or Ca+ with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio in addition to high temporal and spatial resolutions. In our presentation, we also report on a typical demonstration of the lidar system, namely the observation of Ca and Ca+ over an entire night.
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Hashimoto et al. (2026) studied this question.
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