Cardiovascular health metrics from mid- to late-life and risk of dementia: A population-based cohort study in Finland

Fig 1. Flowchart of the study population. *The analytical sample 1 was used for analyzing the association between midlife CVH metrics and late-life risk of dementia detected both in the 1998 and 2005 to 2008 examinations. The analytical sample 2 was used for analyzing the association between late-life CVH metrics measured in the 1998 examination as well as the patterns of CVH metrics from midlife to late life (1998) with risk of dementia detected in the 2005 to 2008 examination. CAIDE, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia; CVH, cardiovascular health.

Fig 2. The HR (95% CI) of dementia associated with the joint patterns of midlife and late-life CVH metrics: A, global CVH metrics; B, behavioral CVH metrics; C, biological CVH metrics. HR (95% CI) was derived from the Cox proportional hazards models controlling for age, sex, education, APOE ε4 allele, and cardiovascular disease in midlife. *p < 0.05. APOE, apolipoprotein E; CVH, cardiovascular health; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IM, intermediate; NA, not available; n/N, the number of dementia cases/number of participants.