Demonstrates a geometric origin of the cosmological constant in a model involving space-time, suggesting new insights into dark energy.
Not-quite preprint of a paper I am working on concerning the geometric origin of the cosmological constant. Its main message is that we should treat time as another axis of space, hyperbolically orthogonal to the other three. This is no more than what GR says to do, really. Fair near screams at us. I just follow the ramifications. v0.993b -Updated with some better wording and a few better arguments. I show how a lower-dimensional model (tennis ball and flatland appendix) demonstrates how time's hyperbolic orthogonality with space is achieved for a 2D+1D observer living on the surface of a 3D ball through simple rotation. There is a crude animation made in manim for python of the tennis ball example included as tennisball3d.mp4 WIP not yet final v0.993b
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Ronald Kyle (2026) studied this question.
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