This method measures energy losses in high-temperature superconductor devices, indicating a reliable alternative to electromagnetic techniques.
The measurement of the excess evaporation of the liquid nitrogen can provide a calorimetric method to assess HTS losses. A big advantage of such a method over the electromagnetic methods is the independence of the existing harmonics. A simple and low-cost ultrasonic sensor along with an Arduino microcontroller is exploited to sense the LN2 surface level of a cryostat and hence the energy losses from the HTS.
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Dias et al. (2021) studied this question.
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