Effect of Root Canal Sealer Type on Obturation Density : an in vitro comparison of AH Plus, Bioactive RCS, Novel Bioactive glass based bioceramic sealer and Zinc Oxide Eugenol

Objectives: To compare the obturation density of four root canal sealers—AH Plus, Bioactive RCS, a novel bioactive glass-based bioceramic sealer, and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) using a standardized single-cone obturation technique. Methods: Forty extracted premolars were endodontically prepared to a 15 mm working length and divided into four groups (n=10). Each group was obturated with the same F2-sized gutta- percha cones and one of the sealers being evaluated. Weight variations pre-obturation and post- obturation, and after complete sealer setting were used to calculate obturation density. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05) to test for group differences. Results: The bioactive glass-based sealer showed significantly higher obturation density, followed by Bioactive RCS. AH Plus and ZOE exhibited comparatively lower density, indicating inferior sealing quality (p < 0.05). Both bioactive sealers demonstrated markedly superior performance compared to the conventional sealers. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, Bioactive sealers demonstrated superior adaptation and homogenous fill. Composition and bioactivity through dentinal bonding significantly influenced sealing efficacy, indicating long-term sealing and better healing outcomes.