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This research shows how the SlBTF3 module enhances cold tolerance in tomato, suggesting potential strategies for breeding resilient crops.
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an economically important vegetable worldwide, but low temperature severely restricts its growth and yield. Although the transcription factor 3 (BTF3) relates to stress tolerance in many plants, its function in tomato cold resistance remains unclear. Here, we generated SlBTF3-overexpression (SlBTF3-OE) lines and generated slbtf3 knockout mutants. Compared with wild type, SlBTF3-OE plants showed enhanced cold tolerance, while mutants were more sensitive to cold. SlBTF3 interacts and stabilizes the key cold-response protein SlCBF1 and is phosphorylated by SlOST1. It maintains chloroplast integrity, promotes antioxidant enzyme activity, and upregulates photosynthesis-related genes under cold conditions. In summary, this study reveals the mechanism of SlBTF3-mediated cold tolerance and provides a foundation for cold-resistant tomato breeding.
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Ning et al. (2026) studied this question.
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