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Abstract A new species of Araceae, Philodendron madalenense, endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil, is described. It belongs to the subgenus Philodendron sect. Macrobelium due to the cordate leaf blade, inflorescence longer than 5 cm in length, and ovary with 6-12 locules, basal placentation, and 3-4 ovules per locule. This species is rare, endemic to the state of Rio de Janeiro, and it is morphologically related to Philodendron follii.
Mattos et al. (2023) studied this question.