Translating wearable sweat sensing into routine use now depends as much on environmental performance as on analytical merit. In this Review, we outline a practical framework for building sustainable, body-worn sensing systems. The focus is on materials and mechanisms: using degradable or recyclable substrates, integrating low-power electronics with hybrid energy harvesters, and designing microfluidic pathways that protect the chemical integrity of sweat as it moves through the device. The device architecture can support repair, disassembly, and safe disposal. The Review prioritizes mechanism: how hydration and matrix chemistry govern charge transfer and baseline stability; how microfluidic flow stability, evaporation control, and residence-time effects influence analyte transport, calibration stability, and response dynamics; and how edge processing reshapes energy and data footprints. Different materials, power modules, and sampling approaches are compared using available benchmarks and validation protocols. Integrating these components into devices that can operate reliably, communicate efficiently, and reach end-of-life with minimal environmental impact is essential.
Sedighi et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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