Explores emotional dependency on AI companions, suggesting implications for real human connection.
This paper develops a structural account of AI companionship, attachment, and emotional dependency in the age of fluent artificial intelligence. It argues that AI companions do not become powerful only because they are technically capable, but because their fluency enters a culture already shaped by loneliness, weakened reality-contact, externalized worth, and a hunger to be met without the friction of real relation. The paper introduces the concept of mislocated intimacy: a condition in which a person places relational trust, attachment, or existential weight into a system that can generate the phenomenology of being met without supplying mutual consequence-bearing presence. The paper develops this argument in five steps. First, it distinguishes the felt experience of being met from the structure of mutual relation. Second, it argues that AI companions become especially potent in a culture of borrowed worth, where inward worth remains unstable and seeks reflection from outside. Third, it introduces emotional subsidy and frictionless enclosure to explain how users may supply the ontological and emotional mass that makes the companion feel inhabited while losing tolerance for contradiction and real-world relational burden. Fourth, it contrasts human memory with commercially alterable AI memory, showing why apparent continuity does not establish mutuality. Fifth, it proposes a structural test for safer and less safe human–AI attachment. The paper concludes that AI companions may provide real relief and support, but benefit does not settle the deeper question of relation. The central issue is whether the interaction returns the person to the world with greater inward stability or quietly replaces real connection with fluent enclosure.
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Vladisav Jovanovic (2026) studied this question.
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