India's democracy began with independence in 1947, formalized by its 1950 Constitution, establishing a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic with universal adult suffrage, making it the world's largest democracy, sustained despite challenges like poverty and conflict, evolving from ancient self-governing councils (Panchayats) and integrating princely states, while navigating complex social divisions and periods like the 21-month Emergency (1975-77) to become a robust multi-party system.
Dr. Datta Baburao Jadhav (2026) studied this question.