Impact of Trail Proximity and Substrate on the Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Bryophyte in a Valdivian Temperate Rainforest

Aims Recreational trails in temperate rainforests can generate subtle but ecologically significant impacts. Bryophytes, due to their poikilohydric nature and substrate dependence, are excellent indicators of environmental change. We aimed to evaluate the effects of trail proximity and substrate availability on the taxonomic diversity and functional trait composition of bryophyte communities. Location Lago Puelo National Park, Patagonia, Argentina, within Valdivian temperate rainforest. Methods We established 66 plots (1 m 2 ) at two distances from a recreational trail (near and far). In each plot, we recorded canopy openness, vegetation cover, sampled substrate type, bryophyte species richness, and functional traits related to water regulation. Results A total of 46 taxa were identified (33 mosses and 13 liverworts). Moss richness was significantly higher near the trail and on ground substrates. Substrate type significantly influenced the distribution of functional traits, while the interaction between trail proximity and substrate type shaped taxonomic beta diversity. Conclusions Bryophyte communities proved sensitive to subtle environmental gradients created by recreational trails. Our results highlight their potential as indicators for biodiversity monitoring. We recommend prioritizing bryophyte‐rich substrates in management strategies and integrating functional diversity metrics into conservation assessments of Valdivian temperate forest trails.