Lower-Limb Coordination and Shoulder Joint Mechanics in the Tennis Serve

Knowledge of a server's range of front and rear knee joint extension as well as his/her peak angular velocity of rear knee joint extension is sufficient to ascertain the stance and quality of leg drive used. When facilitated by a leg drive, high-performance players generate similar resultant pre-impact racket velocities independent of stance. With no leg drive, players develop lower resultant racket velocities. Comparable shoulder joint kinetics, however, evolved from the differential lower-limb mechanics that characterized the FU, FB, and ARM techniques.