Identifies tumor cell differences and evaluates post-operative risks in gallbladder cancer, suggesting new biomarkers.
B7-family expression delineates biologically distinct GBC subpopulations; HHLA2 promotes EMT via RAC1/CDC42-PAK1-Cofilin signaling. The GBM model incorporating CD276, VTCN1, and HHLA2 expression with tumor size and differentiation demonstrates potential for enhanced post-operative risk stratification, offering promising candidates for biomarker development and targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Ma et al. (2026) studied this question.
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