Geometric classification reveals 62 Standard Model states in particle physics, suggesting a unified framework.
Extending the 5-dimensional hypercube framework by adding a sixth axis Q (discrete color label with 4 values {0, r, g, b}), this paper derives color charge, quark-lepton distinction, 8 gluon states (3×3−1=8), graviton placement, and mass as signed area from a unified discrete geometric structure. All 62 Standard Model states are reproduced without free parameters.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Noriaki Kihara (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: