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Fixed-target collisions reveal charm hadronization in heavy ion interactions, suggesting new insights into particle physics.
The innovative fixed-target programme initiated by the LHCb experiment during the LHC Run 2 has been enhanced for Run 3 with the introduction of a dedicated gas injection system, SMOG2. This upgrade features a gas cell to boost fixed-target luminosity and that allows the injection of non-noble gases. SMOG2 enables the collection of large datasets from pA and PbA fixed-target collisions, including high-statistics samples of charm hadrons. Recent results on charm hadronization in fixed-target collisions with SMOG are reported and the latest open charm samples recorded with SMOG2 during Run 3 are also presented.
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Juliette Authier (2026) studied this question.
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