What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cohort. Population: Transposition of the great arteries (n=91). Intervention: Mustard procedure. Primary outcome: Cumulative survival at 25 years.

What does this research mean for the field?

Mustard repair for transposition of the great arteries leads to long-term systemic right ventricular failure, declining clinical status, and expected increased mortality or need for transplant. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate 25-year survival, clinical outcomes, and systemic right ventricular function in patients who underwent the Mustard procedure for transposition of the great arteries.

April 23, 2026European Heart JournalOpen Access

Decline in ventricular function and clinical condition after mustard repair for transposition of the great arteries (a prospective study of 22?29 years)*1

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Key result

Mustard repair for TGA linked to long-term systemic RV failure, clinical decline, and mortality.

n=91

Why the study?

What is the long-term survival and right ventricular function in patients with transposition of the great arteries 25 years after a Mustard procedure?

Population

Patients late after Mustard repair for transposition of the great arteries

Design

Prospective study

Follow-up

22-29 years

Authors

JRJ ROOSHESSELINKErasmus MC

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Warrants close monitoring for systemic RV failure in Mustard survivors; leaves open preventive strategies before late mortality or transplant.

Key Points

To evaluate 25-year survival, clinical outcomes, and systemic right ventricular function in patients who underwent the Mustard procedure for transposition of the great arteries.
Prospective follow-up of 91 consecutive patients who underwent the Mustard procedure between 1973 and 1980.
Serial evaluations conducted at 14 years and between 22 to 29 years postoperatively using ECG, echocardiography, exercise testing, and Holter monitoring.
At 25-year follow-up, cumulative overall survival was 77% and event-free survival was 36%, with 46% requiring reoperation.
While all patients had preserved right ventricular function at 14 years, echocardiography showed moderate-to-severe dysfunction in 61% after 25 years, accompanied by QRS complex widening and decreased exercise capacity despite maintenance of sinus rhythm.

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=91)

Structured PICO

What is the long-term survival and right ventricular function in patients with transposition of the great arteries 25 years after a Mustard procedure?

Population

91 consecutive patients with transposition of the great arteries who underwent the Mustard procedure between 1973 and 1980, followed for up to 29 years.

Exposure

Mustard procedure (long-term follow-up)

Outcome

Long-term survival, clinical outcome, and right ventricular function at 25 years after surgeryhard clinical

Patients with transposition of the great arteries who underwent Mustard repair show significant decline in systemic right ventricular function and clinical condition 25 years post-surgery.

Cite This Study

J ROOSHESSELINK (2004) conducted a cohort in Transposition of the great arteries (n=91). Mustard procedure was evaluated on Cumulative survival at 25 years. At 25 years post-Mustard procedure, cumulative survival was 77%, event-free survival was 36%, and 61% of patients developed moderate-to-severe right ventricular dysfunction.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e98fa272ff25a8e3dbc08a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2004.03.009

Topics

Echocardiography

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Implication

Warrants close monitoring for systemic RV failure in Mustard survivors; leaves open preventive strategies before late mortality or transplant.

Decline in ventricular function and clinical condition after mustard repair for transposition of the great arteries (a prospective study of 22?29 years)*1

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Cite This Study

Topics

Decline in ventricular function and clinical condition after mustard repair for transposition of the great arteries (a prospective study of 22?29 years)*1

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Topics

Also Consider