Lung function and exercise capacity in single ventricle patients post Fontan palliation and potential role of diaphragm ultrasound imaging

Patients with Fontan circulation exhibit a markedly reduced exercise functional capacity resulting from a complex interplay between cardiac, pulmonary, and peripheral factors. Restrictive lung function was associated with increased need for diuretic therapy and lower levels of physical activity. Abnormal diaphragmatic function was frequently observed and may represent a potentially modifiable contributor to functional limitation warranting further investigation.