The rapid evolution of intelligent electromagnetic systems has heightened the performance standards for observation windows, driving a demand for flexible, multifunctional, transparent EMI shielding films with robust environmental durability, while current progress remains a significant challenge. In this study, a multifunctional transparent EMI shielding film composed of silver nanowire (AgNW) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with an embedded conductive network was fabricated via a two-step process involving rotational spraying followed by infiltration transfer. The resulting AgNW/PDMS film exhibits high optical transmittance (71.1%) and low sheet resistance (11.3 Ω/sq), combined with average EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 30.2 dB in the X-band, 32.6 dB in the Ku-band, and 34.5 dB in the K-band. The synergistic effect of PDMS-induced physical confinement and hydrogen bonding markedly enhances the interfacial adhesion and antioxidant capacity of the transparent shielding film, contributing to the reliability and durability in harsh environments. Simultaneously, the strain-induced reconfiguration of the AgNW network and the resultant adaptive conductivity modulation synergistically enable the film to exhibit exceptional strain-sensing performance and efficient Joule heating functionality. The multifunctional integration clearly demonstrates that transparent shielding films possess significant potential for enabling iterative improvements in observation window systems across aerospace, automotive, and next-generation electronic device applications.
Zhou et al. (2026) studied this question.