Edible mushroom bioactive compounds in green nanotechnology: Applications in biomedical and environmental remediation

The application of green chemistry to synthesize nanoparticles has led to numerous cutting-edge innovations in nanotechnology over the last few years.Of late, edible mushrooms have emerged as one of the most promising biological resources, with rich biochemical profiles that could pave greener routes for nanoparticle synthesis.This review examines the existing literature on edible mushroom extracts for the green biofabrication of metallic nanoparticles and their uses in the biomedicine field and environmental remediation.Mushroom-derived bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, proteins, phenolics, and terpenoids, have been reported to possess bioreducing and capping properties in the synthesis of nanoparticles.Some of these nanoparticles produced by mushroom-mediated synthesis demonstrate excellent antimicrobial, anticancer, and catalytic properties that have found applications in drug delivery, imaging, and therapy.This review also includes the environmental aspects where nanoparticles are applicable, such as wastewater treatment, pollutant degradation, and biosensing, as well as challenges and future perspectives.