Demonstrates how penetration enhancer-containing vesicles can improve drug delivery systems, suggesting their significant potential in clinical applications.
PEVs should not be considered merely as improved deformable liposomes but as adaptable barrier-modulating platforms. Their future clinical translation will depend on safety assessment of penetration enhancers, scalable manufacturing strategies, and standardized pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluation. If supported by systematic translational studies, PEVs may represent a versatile approach for the design of next-generation noninvasive drug delivery systems.
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Castangia et al. (2026) studied this question.
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