Investigates heavy metal ion removal in wastewater using BASSAA resin, indicating effective green chemistry applications.
Abstract Objectives: The bitter apple seed starch ascorbic acid (BASSAA) resin has been synthesized, characterized and tested for its adsorbent activity against toxic heavy metal ions by batch method. Methods: A new bitter apple seed starch ascorbic acid (BASSAA) resin has been synthesized and characterized by FTIR, SEM analysis, and TGA-DTA analysis. Newly synthesized resin has been investigated for adsorption activity by spectrophotometer. The influence of pH on adsorption has been studied. The distribution coefficient has been determined. Findings: FTIR spectral data favors the formation of chemically modified resin. These data clearly reveal functionalities present on resin. Rough and uneven morphology of resin is confirmed by SEM analysis. Moderate thermal stability of resin has been investigated by TGA-DTA analysis. Heavy metal ions Cd2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ have selectively separated by bitter apple seed starch ascorbic acid resin. The functionalities present on BASSAA resin provide the active sites for significant adsorption of heavy metal ions Cd2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+. Citrullus colosynthis Seeds are agricultural waste. The pinnacle of adsorption occurs around pH 6 for all metal ions. Pb (II) demonstrates the highest adsorption capacity throughout the pH spectrum, followed closely by Cd (II) and Zn (II), while Ni (II) reveals a comparatively lower affinity. Novelty: It is unexplored area of research. This work applies green chemistry principle through formation of active adsorbent from waste seeds. The work contributes towards sustainable waste water treatment protocol. Keywords: Batch Adsorption, BASSAA resin, Citrullus colosynthis, Distribution coefficient, Heavy Metal Ions
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Chandel et al. (2026) studied this question.
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