Reveals unusual aromatic stabilization from σ–π interactions in heavy-element systems, suggesting new pathways for electron delocalization.
Aromaticity in heavy-element systems can arise from unconventional modes of cyclic electron delocalization that are not accessible in lighter-element frameworks. Herein, we report 1,4-digermacyclopenta-1,3-diene as an unusual aromatic system in which a formally 4π electron framework is stabilized through cooperative σ*-π interactions. X-ray crystallography reveals a nearly planar [Ge₂C₃] ring, while magnetic and electronic analyses (NICS, GIMIC, ACID, and EDDB) consistently indicate significant aromatic stabilization. In particular, GIMIC calculations show a pronounced diatropic ring current with an average strength of +8.38 nA T⁻¹. Natural bond orbital analysis reveals that this stabilization originates from σ*-π delocalization involving the Ge-Ge bond and adjacent π orbitals. Despite a low-lying open-shell contribution (y ≈ 0.11), the system remains predominantly closed-shell. Notably, this system represents a rare case in which σ*-π interactions form a continuous cyclic delocalization pathway, resulting in a distinct form of aromatic stabilization.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Uchida et al. (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: