Parking lot allocation with maximum economic benefit in a distribution network

Optimal placement of parking lots with optimal scheduling in power systems to maximize the benefit, considering different peak load states and different electricity prices for each state, is studied in this paper. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is tested on the IEEE 33-bus distribution test system with considering the power system constraints and using genetic algorithm. This algorithm selects the optimal sites and sizes (number of electric vehicles) of these parking lots and shows the optimal results. The results of these simulations with genetic algorithm demonstrate that the economic problem of parking lots placement depends on many items such as number of the electrical vehicles (EVs) in each parking lot (capacity of parking lot), state of charge of EVs, as well as the electricity price in peak/off-peak periods. Moreover, it is suggested that the existence of parking lots, considering adequate incentives for EVs owners, has economic benefit for distribution network operators, reduces total power loss, and can improve the distribution system voltage profile. Also, the number of parking lots to be allocated in a distribution system supports the distribution system at peak load hours because it is more interesting from economic point of view to install more parking lots.