Key result
Targeting MiR-21 shows potential to reduce vascular inflammation and in-stent restenosis after stenting.
Why the study?
Drug-eluting stents reduce in-stent restenosis but cause delayed arterial healing and chronic inflammation, motivating the search for novel interventions to improve outcomes.
Does genetic ablation of miR-21 reduce neointimal formation and vascular inflammation after stent injury in animal models?
Does genetic ablation of miR-21 reduce neointimal formation and vascular inflammation after stent injury in animal models?
MiR-21 plays a prominent role in promoting vascular inflammation and remodeling after stent injury, suggesting its modulation could be a therapeutic target to reduce in-stent restenosis.
BACKGROUND: Drug-eluting stents reduce the incidence of in-stent restenosis, but they result in delayed arterial healing and are associated with a chronic inflammatory response and hypersensitivity reactions. Identifying novel interventions to enhance wound healing and reduce the inflammatory response may improve long-term clinical outcomes. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are noncoding small ribonucleic acids that play a prominent role in the initiation and resolution of inflammation after vascular injury. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to identify miRNA regulation and function after implantation of bare-metal and drug-eluting stents. METHODS: Pig, mouse, and in vitro models were used to investigate the role of miRNA in in-stent restenosis. RESULTS: We documented a subset of inflammatory miRNAs activated after stenting in pigs, including the miR-21 stem loop miRNAs. Genetic ablation of the miR-21 stem loop attenuated neointimal formation in mice post-stenting. This occurred via enhanced levels of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages coupled with an impaired sensitivity of smooth muscle cells to respond to vascular activation. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-21 plays a prominent role in promoting vascular inflammation and remodeling after stent injury. MiRNA-mediated modulation of the inflammatory response post-stenting may have therapeutic potential to accelerate wound healing and enhance the clinical efficacy of stenting.
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McDonald et al. (2015) studied In-stent restenosis. Genetic ablation of the miR-21 stem loop was evaluated on Neointimal formation post-stenting. Genetic ablation of the miR-21 stem loop attenuated neointimal formation in mice post-stenting.
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