ABSTRACT Background Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection is a major cause of dyspeptic disorders and remains highly prevalent in Ghana. However, data on its epidemiology in northern Ghana are limited. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection and identify associated predisposing factors among dyspeptic patients in the Upper East Region of northern Ghana. Methods A multicenter cross‐sectional study was conducted among 325 dyspeptic patients tested for H. pylori infection. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire, whereas stool samples were analyzed for H. pylori antigens using an immunoassay. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with H. pylori infection. Results The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 65.8% (214/325), with the highest prevalence observed in patients within the age category 1–20 years (40.7%). Major predisposing factors included use of public toilets (57.0%), consumption of untreated water (66.4%), and rural residence (56.5%). Consumption of food from street vendors was associated with a 2.27‐fold increased likelihood of infection (odds ratio OR = 2.27), whereas intake of fresh fruits and vegetables increased the risk by 4.81‐fold (OR = 4.81). Patients from larger households (≥13 members) were at greater risk of infection compared with those from smaller households (1–6 members) (OR = 0.31). Conclusion The study reveals a high prevalence of H. pylori infection in Ghana's Upper East Region, which is strongly associated with poor sanitation and inadequate personal and food hygiene. Public health interventions aimed at improving sanitation, water quality, food safety, and living conditions are crucial for reducing transmission.
Awuni et al. (Mon,) studied this question.