A Strategic Approach on Ungual Drug Delivery System

Ungual drug delivery system (UDDS) aims to probe into challenges associated with drug penetration through the nail and the ways to improve bioavailability. This approach includes the study of human nail structure, nail-related illness, nail formulation, factors, and methods to improve the permeation of the drug in addition to the recent and futuristic advances. This review also covers currently marketed products, permeation enhancers, and mechanisms to improve permeation. Furthermore, this system gives lead as a novel pathway to drugs used for therapy of nail disorders and abnormalities. It is well known that the human nail is considered an excellent protective barrier that is formed highly from keratin. Thus, several strategies have been employed to overcome the barrier to permeate the drug into it. The mechanical, physical, electrical, and surgical requirements are understood to enhance optimal drug therapy. In general, the promising results obtained through this system demonstrate the potential of the method for effective drug delivery, which could improve the treatment outcomes. The first-line oral therapy was proven effective but exhibited hepatotoxic side effects, drug interactions, and GIT irritation. This provided the opportunity for the topical remedies by the development of UDDS, which is rather superficial.