LACE-Net: A Swin Transformer with Local Frequency-Domain Energy and Adaptive Contrast Enhancement for Fine-Grained Land Cover Classification

The Swin Transformer exhibits limitations in fine-grained land use and land cover (LULC) classification, particularly in capturing high-frequency texture details and representing low-contrast regions. To address these issues, we propose a novel network model, termed LACE-Net, which integrates local frequency-domain energy and adaptive contrast enhancement. Built upon the Swin Transformer backbone, the model introduces an innovative Local Frequency-Domain Energy-Adaptive Contrast Enhancement Multi-Scale Attention (LACE). This block consists of parallel branches for frequency-domain perception and contrast enhancement, which effectively combine texture and illumination physical priors. In addition, a texture-adaptive momentum adjustment mechanism is incorporated to refine the spatial enhancement attention weights dynamically. Consequently, LACE-Net greatly strengthens the modeling and representation of high-frequency details and complex spatial structural features. Experiments are performed on a self-constructed Guangxi regional dataset (denoted as GLC-30) and the publicly available remote sensing scene classification benchmark dataset NWPU-RESISC45. The results show that LACE-Net achieves a Top-1 accuracy (Top-1 Acc) of 96.48% and a macro-averaged F1 score (mF1) of 93.13%. These results outperform current mainstream vision models, particularly in mitigating the spectral confusion issue of “same spectrum, different objects.” The model exhibits superior fine-grained classification performance and robust generalization across datasets.