EcoMaglev: A Hybrid PM-Assisted Active-Gap Magnetic Levitation System with Regenerative Energy Recovery — A Model-Based Feasibility Study

EcoMaglev presents a model-based feasibility study and analytical framework for a hybrid permanent-magnet-assisted active-gap magnetic levitation demonstrator with regenerative energy recovery. The work investigates EcoMaglev as a coupled mechatronic system: permanent magnets provide static lift, active electromagnetic coils regulate air-gap stability, closed-loop control rejects disturbances, segmented linear coils support propulsion and braking, and protected power electronics route recovered energy into supercapacitor storage. The manuscript integrates first-principles magnetic-force sizing, regenerative braking energy accounting, simulation-supported dynamic response, Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis, corridor-level energy screening, and a screening greenhouse-gas assessment. The study is intentionally conservative in its claims. It distinguishes model-based results from future prototype measurements and published literature benchmarks, and it does not present analytical estimates as laboratory data. The manuscript is therefore positioned as a research preprint and technical report intended for academic feedback, citation, and future experimental validation.