Key result
Available data remain inadequate to establish exact criteria for a normal ECG.
Why the study?
The available data are not adequate for establishing exact criteria for the normal electrocardiogram across all age groups.
Design
Review of recent clinical progress
Authors
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Uncertain ECG norms warrant cautious interpretation; leaves open the need for comprehensive age-specific studies.
This review highlights the lack of adequate data for establishing exact criteria for the normal electrocardiogram and calls for comprehensive statistical investigations across all age groups.
Charles E. Kossmann (1953) conducted a review in Normal electrocardiogram. A review of recent clinical progress indicates that available data are inadequate for establishing exact criteria for the normal electrocardiogram, necessitating further comprehensive investigation.
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