Senecavirus A non-structural protein 2C and 3A-specific T cell-epitopes promote inactivated vaccine efficacy in pigs via synergistic cellular and humoral immunity.

T cell responses and neutralizing antibody titers at 28 days post-vaccination compared to the inactivated vaccine alone, implying that synergistic cellular and humoral immunity may contribute to enhanced protective efficacy. This study identified promising candidate components for developing efficacious SVA vaccines, while the identified conserved T cell epitopes provided a critical foundation for designing broad-spectrum multi-epitope vaccines.